Both sides in the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939) fought a propaganda war using words, film, radio, and art. Images, such as this photograph of marching partisans, were also part of the Republican propaganda campaign. Ernest Hemingway co-wrote the screenplay for a film, The Spanish Earth, first shown in 1937, which was sympathetic to the Republican government. The Spanish Civil War was a brutal conflict, which resulted in hundreds of thousands of civilian and military deaths. Guerrilla resistance to Franco’s dictatorship continued after the Nationalists’ victory in 1939.